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Description:

fridayfacerecognition 1.0.0

Face Recognition

Recognize and manipulate faces from Python or from the command line
with
the world’s simplest face recognition library.

Built using dlib’s state-of-the-art face
recognition
built with deep learning. The model has an accuracy of 99.38% on the
Labeled Faces in the Wild
benchmark.

This also provides a simple face_recognition command line tool
that lets
you do face recognition on a folder of images from the command line!

Features

Find faces in pictures
Find all the faces that appear in a picture:

import face_recognition
image = face_recognition.load_image_file("your_file.jpg")
face_locations = face_recognition.face_locations(image)

Find and manipulate facial features in pictures
Get the locations and outlines of each person’s eyes, nose, mouth and
chin.

import face_recognition
image = face_recognition.load_image_file("your_file.jpg")
face_landmarks_list = face_recognition.face_landmarks(image)

Finding facial features is super useful for lots of important stuff.
But you can also use for really stupid stuff
like applying digital
make-up
(think ‘Meitu’):

Identify faces in pictures
Recognize who appears in each photo.

import face_recognition
known_image = face_recognition.load_image_file("biden.jpg")
unknown_image = face_recognition.load_image_file("unknown.jpg")

biden_encoding = face_recognition.face_encodings(known_image)[0]
unknown_encoding = face_recognition.face_encodings(unknown_image)[0]

results = face_recognition.compare_faces([biden_encoding], unknown_encoding)
You can even use this library with other Python libraries to do
real-time face recognition:

See this
example
for the code.

Installation
Requirements:

Python 3+ or Python 2.7
macOS or Linux (Windows untested)
Also can run on a Raspberry Pi 2+ (follow these specific
instructions)
A pre-configured VM
image
is also available.

Install this module from pypi using pip3 (or pip2 for Python 2):
pip3 install face_recognition

IMPORTANT NOTE: It’s very likely that you will run into problems when
pip tries to compile
the dlib dependency. If that happens, check out this guide to
installing
dlib from source (instead of from pip) to fix the error:

How to install dlib from
source

After manually installing dlib, try running
pip3 install face_recognition
again to complete your installation.

If you are still having trouble installing this, you can also try out
this
pre-configured
VM.

Usage

Command-Line Interface

When you install face_recognition, you get a simple command-line
program
called face_recognition that you can use to recognize faces in a
photograph or folder full for photographs.

First, you need to provide a folder with one picture of each person
you
already know. There should be one image file for each person with the
files named according to who is in the picture:

Next, you need a second folder with the files you want to identify:

Then in you simply run the command face_recognition, passing in
the folder of known people and the folder (or single image) with
unknown
people and it tells you who is in each image:

$ face_recognition ./pictures_of_people_i_know/ ./unknown_pictures/

/unknown_pictures/unknown.jpg,Barack Obama
/face_recognition_test/unknown_pictures/unknown.jpg,unknown_person

There’s one line in the output for each face. The data is
comma-separated
with the filename and the name of the person found.

An unknown_person is a face in the image that didn’t match anyone
in
your folder of known people.

Adjusting Tolerance / Sensitivity

If you are getting multiple matches for the same person, it might be
that
the people in your photos look very similar and a lower tolerance
value
is needed to make face comparisons more strict.

You can do that with the --tolerance parameter. The default
tolerance
value is 0.6 and lower numbers make face comparisons more strict:

$ face_recognition --tolerance 0.54 ./pictures_of_people_i_know/ ./unknown_pictures/

/unknown_pictures/unknown.jpg,Barack Obama
/face_recognition_test/unknown_pictures/unknown.jpg,unknown_person

If you want to see the face distance calculated for each match in
order
to adjust the tolerance setting, you can use --show-distance true:

$ face_recognition --show-distance true ./pictures_of_people_i_know/ ./unknown_pictures/

/unknown_pictures/unknown.jpg,Barack Obama,0.378542298956785
/face_recognition_test/unknown_pictures/unknown.jpg,unknown_person,None

More Examples

If you simply want to know the names of the people in each photograph
but don’t
care about file names, you could do this:

$ face_recognition ./pictures_of_people_i_know/ ./unknown_pictures/ | cut -d ',' -f2

Barack Obama
unknown_person

Speeding up Face Recognition

Face recognition can be done in parallel if you have a computer with
multiple CPU cores. For example if your system has 4 CPU cores, you
can
process about 4 times as many images in the same amount of time by
using
all your CPU cores in parallel.

If you are using Python 3.4 or newer, pass in a
--cpus <number_of_cpu_cores_to_use> parameter:
$ face_recognition -cpus 4 ./pictures_of_people_i_know/ ./unknown_pictures/
You can also pass in --cpus -1 to use all CPU cores in your system.

Python Module

You can import the face_recognition module and then easily
manipulate
faces with just a couple of lines of code. It’s super easy!

API Docs:
https://face-recognition.readthedocs.io.

Automatically find all the faces in an image
import face_recognition

image = face_recognition.load_image_file("my_picture.jpg")
face_locations = face_recognition.face_locations(image)

# face_locations is now an array listing the co-ordinates of each face!

See this
example
to try it out.

You can also opt-in to a somewhat more accurate deep-learning-based face
detection model.

Note: GPU acceleration (via nvidia’s CUDA library) is required for
good
performance with this model. You’ll also want to enable CUDA support
when compliling dlib.

import face_recognition

image = face_recognition.load_image_file("my_picture.jpg")
face_locations = face_recognition.face_locations(image, model="cnn")

# face_locations is now an array listing the co-ordinates of each face!

See this
example
to try it out.

If you have a lot of images and a GPU, you can also
find faces in
batches.

Automatically locate the facial features of a person in an image
import face_recognition

image = face_recognition.load_image_file("my_picture.jpg")
face_landmarks_list = face_recognition.face_landmarks(image)

# face_landmarks_list is now an array with the locations of each facial feature in each face.
# face_landmarks_list[0]['left_eye'] would be the location and outline of the first person's left eye.

See this
example
to try it out.

Recognize faces in images and identify who they are
import face_recognition

picture_of_me = face_recognition.load_image_file("me.jpg")
my_face_encoding = face_recognition.face_encodings(picture_of_me)[0]

# my_face_encoding now contains a universal 'encoding' of my facial features that can be compared to any other picture of a face!

unknown_picture = face_recognition.load_image_file("unknown.jpg")
unknown_face_encoding = face_recognition.face_encodings(unknown_picture)[0]

# Now we can see the two face encodings are of the same person with `compare_faces`!

results = face_recognition.compare_faces([my_face_encoding], unknown_face_encoding)

if results[0] == True:
print("It's a picture of me!")
else:
print("It's not a picture of me!")

See this
example
to try it out.

Python Code Examples
All the examples are available
here.

Face Detection

Find faces in a
photograph
Find faces in a photograph (using deep
learning)
Find faces in batches of images w/ GPU (using deep
learning)

Facial Features

Identify specific facial features in a
photograph
Apply (horribly ugly) digital
make-up

Facial Recognition

Find and recognize unknown faces in a photograph based on
photographs of known
people
Compare faces by numeric face distance instead of only True/False
matches
Recognize faces in live video using your webcam - Simple / Slower
Version (Requires OpenCV to be
installed)
Recognize faces in live video using your webcam - Faster Version
(Requires OpenCV to be
installed)
Recognize faces in a video file and write out new video file
(Requires OpenCV to be
installed)
Recognize faces on a Raspberry Pi w/
camera
Run a web service to recognize faces via HTTP (Requires Flask to be
installed)

How Face Recognition Works

If you want to learn how face location and recognition work instead of
depending on a black box library, read my
article.

Caveats

The face recognition model is trained on adults and does not work
very well on children. It tends to mix
up children quite easy using the default comparison threshold of 0.6.

Deployment to Cloud Hosts (Heroku, AWS, etc)

Since face_recognition depends on dlib which is written in
C++, it can be tricky to deploy an app
using it to a cloud hosting provider like Heroku or AWS.

To make things easier, there’s an example Dockerfile in this repo that
shows how to run an app built with
face_recognition in a Docker
container. With that, you should be able to deploy
to any service that supports Docker images.

Common Issues
Issue: Illegal instruction (core dumped) when using
face_recognition or running examples.

Solution: dlib is compiled with SSE4 or AVX support, but your CPU
is too old and doesn’t support that.
You’ll need to recompile dlib after making the code change
outlined
here.

Issue:
RuntimeError: Unsupported image type, must be 8bit gray or RGB image.
when running the webcam examples.
Solution: Your webcam probably isn’t set up correctly with OpenCV. Look
here for
more.
Issue: MemoryError when running pip2 install face_recognition

Solution: The face_recognition_models file is too big for your
available pip cache memory. Instead,
try pip2 --no-cache-dir install face_recognition to avoid the
issue.

Issue:
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'face_recognition_model_v1'
Solution: The version of dlib you have installed is too old. You
need version 19.4 or newer. Upgrade dlib.
Issue: TypeError: imread() got an unexpected keyword argument 'mode'
Solution: The version of scipy you have installed is too old. You
need version 0.17 or newer. Upgrade scipy.

Thanks

Many, many thanks to Davis King
(@nulhom)
for creating dlib and for providing the trained facial feature
detection and face encoding models
used in this library. For more information on the ResNet that powers
the face encodings, check out
his blog
post.
Thanks to everyone who works on all the awesome Python data science
libraries like numpy, scipy, scikit-image,
pillow, etc, etc that makes this kind of stuff so easy and fun in
Python.
Thanks to Cookiecutter
and the
audreyr/cookiecutter-pypackage
project template
for making Python project packaging way more tolerable.

History

1.0.0 (2017-08-29)

Added support for dlib’s CNN face detection model via model=”cnn” parameter on face detecion call
Added support for GPU batched face detections using dlib’s CNN face detector model
Added find_faces_in_picture_cnn.py to examples
Added find_faces_in_batches.py to examples
Added face_rec_from_video_file.py to examples
dlib v19.5 is now the minimum required version
face_recognition_models v0.2.0 is now the minimum required version

0.2.2 (2017-07-07)

Added –show-distance to cli
Fixed a bug where –tolerance was ignored in cli if testing a single image
Added benchmark.py to examples

0.2.1 (2017-07-03)

Added –tolerance to cli

0.2.0 (2017-06-03)

The CLI can now take advantage of multiple CPUs. Just pass in the -cpus X parameter where X is the number of CPUs to use.
Added face_distance.py example
Improved CLI tests to actually test the CLI functionality
Updated facerec_on_raspberry_pi.py to capture in rgb (not bgr) format.

0.1.14 (2017-04-22)

Fixed a ValueError crash when using the CLI on Python 2.7

0.1.13 (2017-04-20)

Raspberry Pi support.

0.1.12 (2017-04-13)

Fixed: Face landmarks wasn’t returning all chin points.

0.1.11 (2017-03-30)

Fixed a minor bug in the command-line interface.

0.1.10 (2017-03-21)

Minor pref improvements with face comparisons.
Test updates.

0.1.9 (2017-03-16)

Fix minimum scipy version required.

0.1.8 (2017-03-16)

Fix missing Pillow dependency.

0.1.7 (2017-03-13)

First working release.