Description:
xdgenvpy 3.0.0
xdgenvpy
xdgenvpy is yet another Python utility for the
XDG Base Directory Specification,
but one that provides Pythonic access as well as a CLI utility. xdgenvpy
adheres to the XDG Base Directory spec on Unix systems, and also provides
similar for Windows-based systems.
How to use
Python
There are three main ways to use xdgenvpy as a Python package,
Retrieve XDG environment variables, or the specification defaults.
Determine package specific directories based on the XDG spec.
Or pedantically create package specific directories before attempting to
use the directory.
To use xdgenvpy as a simple XDG base directory getter, simply create a new
xdgenvpy.XDG object and use the properties it exposes.
from xdgenvpy import XDG
xdg = XDG()
print(xdg.XDG_DATA_HOME) # /home/user/.local/share
print(xdg.XDG_CONFIG_HOME) # /home/user/.config
print(xdg.XDG_CACHE_HOME) # /home/user/.cache
print(xdg.XDG_RUNTIME_DIR) # /run/user/1000
print(xdg.XDG_DATA_DIRS) # /home/user/.local/share:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/
print(xdg.XDG_CONFIG_DIRS) # /home/user/.config:/etc/xdg
But sometimes you want to use package specific directories derived from the XDG
base directories. This can be done with the xdgenvpy.XDGPackage class.
from xdgenvpy import XDGPackage
xdg = XDGPackage('mypackage')
print(xdg.XDG_DATA_HOME) # /home/user/.local/share/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_CONFIG_HOME) # /home/user/.config/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_CACHE_HOME) # /home/user/.cache/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_RUNTIME_DIR) # /run/user/1000/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_DATA_DIRS) # /home/user/.local/share/mypackage:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/
print(xdg.XDG_CONFIG_DIRS) # /home/user/.config/mypackage:/etc/xdg')
Lastly, you could also use xdgenvpy.XDGPedanticPackage to ensure each of the
package specific directories exist before the calling code attempts to use the
directory. Instances of the xdgenvpy.XDGPedanticPackage class will not create
system level directories, only package directories on the DATA, CONFIG, CACHE,
and RUNTIME variables.
from xdgenvpy import XDGPedanticPackage
xdg = XDGPedanticPackage('mypackage')
print(xdg.XDG_DATA_HOME) # /home/user/.local/share/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_CONFIG_HOME) # /home/user/.config/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_CACHE_HOME) # /home/user/.cache/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_RUNTIME_DIR) # /run/user/1000/mypackage
print(xdg.XDG_DATA_DIRS) # /home/user/.local/share/mypackage:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/
print(xdg.XDG_CONFIG_DIRS) # /home/user/.config/mypackage:/etc/xdg
CLI
xdgenvpy also includes a runnable module, which is easily accessible via the
script xdg-env. Pip will normally install scripts under something like:
~/.local/bin
The installed xdg-env command essentially takes a list of XDG variables, and
an optional package name. For each XDG variable specified, xdg-env will
print its corresponding value based on the specification. It can optionally
take the name of a package and include that into the variable's values.
But can't we just echo the XDG variables like so?
echo ${XDG_DATA_HOME}
echo ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}
echo ${XDG_CACHE_HOME}
echo ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}
echo ${XDG_DATA_DIRS}
echo ${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS}
Well, yes. But there is a problem when the variables are not defined. The
xdg-env command will always print a value that adheres to the spec. If the
environment variable does not exist, then the default value will be returned, as
defined by the
XDG Base Directory Specification.
Although the Python package supports a pedantic mode, the xdg-env command
will not change the file system. Even if a package name is supplied and the
directories do not exist, xdg-env will not create any files/directories. This
was simply a design decision to keep the shell command as file-system safe as
possible.
How to install
Install locally as a normal user:
pip3 install --user xdgenvpy
A Word About Windows
The
XDG Base Directory Specification.
does not mention how the spec should be implemented on Windows-based platforms.
That said, many applications on Windows still follow a very similar convention
to the XDG base directory spec. And that is to generally place config files
under %APPDATA%/MyPackage/configs.
If we squint, it kind of looks like we can simply replace the POSIX tilde ~
with the Windows %APPDATA% variable. Then there's a directory that is the
application's name. And finally, any configs or data files the application
needs to save is under that directory.
Generally, xdgenvpy works in this way on Windows-based platforms. Though this
is not a perfect solution as Windows applications can put configs and data files
under any of the directories Local, LocalLow, and Roaming (where the
Roaming directory typically is pointed to by %APPDATA%). Additionally, some
XDG variables do not make much sense on Windows-based platforms.
XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is one such example. On Unix systems it defaults to
/run/user/USERID. There is no close equivalent to a Windows-based directory.
As such, xdgenvpy does not do anything fancy other than prepend %APPDATA% to
most directories and drop any . prefixes for hidden directories/files.
That said, if you use xdgenvpy extensively on Windows platforms and would like
better support, create GitLab issues on the project or submit Merge Requests.
Let's all make xdgenvpy as useful as possible, even if it needs to implement XDG
base directory spec-like features on non-Unix platforms.
License
For personal and professional use. You cannot resell or redistribute these repositories in their original state.
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